[Oman-l] The Khojki or "Luwati" Script

haider al lawati hadmon@hotmail.com
Sun, 22 Jul 2001 12:39:59 +0400


<html><div style='background-color:'><DIV>
<P>Anyone&nbsp;is interested to know more about the origins of socalled 'Luwati' or&nbsp;'Khojki', &nbsp;I would recommend to read an article: THE KHOJKI SCRIPT: A LEGACY OF ISMAILI ISLAM IN THE INDO-PAKISTANI SUBCONTINENT by Ali S. Asani (1987). This aricle has appeared in JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY 107:3. Thank you&nbsp;<BR><BR>Haider Al-Lawati </P></DIV>Tel: 0161-876-5361 UK 
<DIV></DIV>00968-600083 Oman 
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
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<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&gt;From: oman-l-admin@oman.org </P>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: Oman-l digest, Vol 1 #198 - 7 msgs 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 07:35:25 GMT 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
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<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Today's Topics: 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 1. RE: Re: Oman (Brian Andersen) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 2. List language (Joachim Duester) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 3. More on languages: Luwati (Joachim Duester) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 4. Minawi in Gulf states (Craig Wallace) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 5. Gender Issues Studies in Oman (Gilman, Amanda) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 6. Re: More on languages: Luwati (Calvin Allen) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 7. RE: Re: Oman (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Tommy_Erik_B=E4ck?=) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 1 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 16:44:04 +0200 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: Brian Andersen <BBAND@POST3.TELE.DK>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: RE: [Oman-l] Re: Oman 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Javist Tommy, det skulle vara underbart, även me lite dansk också. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;But i think as this is not a private mail board all entries should be kept 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;in english. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;If you want otherwise write directly to people (ie private mail address). 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;BTW How are you doing in Suisse Tommy? I'll give you a private mail from 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Denmark soon. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Regards 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Brian 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;bband@post3.tele.dk 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt;Så, om nu någon tjockskalle från Ungern börjar skriva på Omanlistan på sitt 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt;hemspråk, betyder det att vi andra med olika nationaliteter också kan skriva 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt;på vårt hemspråk. Själv tycker jag att det skulle vara kul med lite svenska 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt;på Omanlistan, tycker inte ni? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt;Tommy 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 2 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: "Joachim Duester" <JDUESTER@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: "Joachim Duester" <JDUESTER@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: <OMAN-L@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 20:17:48 +0200 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Organization: Oman Studies Centre (http://www.oman.org) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;charset="Windows-1252" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Oman-l] List language 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Dear list members, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;There have been some exchanges on this list recently following an exchange 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;in Hungarian on the list. This is just to let you now that I did in fact 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;contact the two list members off-list and asked them not continue their 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;dialogue in Hungarian (which is, BTW, a beautiful language, and its sudden 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;appearance on the list brought back to me fond memories of a Hungarian 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;girlfriend 25 years ago ...). 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Some list members took this perhaps a bit too seriously. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To those: please, don't be annoyed so easily! 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Wouldn't the natural reaction to being confronted with a language unknown 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; to oneself rather be a feeling of curiosity and perhaps of regret for not 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;being polyglot than a feeling of anger? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;English has quite naturally been the language of this list from the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;beginning, although I guess that the majority of list members does not have 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;English as their mother tongue. May I take this opportunity to apologize to 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;all native English speakers on the list for mistreating your fine 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;language... If there is an an occasional 'outburst' in any other language, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;whether by mistake or for a specific reason, please, take it with a smile. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Joachim 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 3 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: "Joachim Duester" <JDUESTER@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: "Joachim Duester" <JDUESTER@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: <OMAN-L@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 20:21:06 +0200 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Organization: Oman Studies Centre (http://www.oman.org) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;charset="Windows-1252" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Oman-l] More on languages: Luwati 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Someone asked me to supply proverbs in several languages spoken in Oman, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;including "Luwati". Well, I do kow a bit about the Luwatiyah, i.e. the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Khojah (or Luti) community in Oman, and everybody on the list probably has 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;heard of the "Sur Luwatiyah", a walled quarter within Muttrah. But what 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;language exactly do the Luwatiyah speak? I had not heard of a language 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;called "Luwati" so far (my Luti friends spoke Arabic and English), but I 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;found a reference to Luwati as a language in 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Oman.html#LUV , 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;which classifies Luwati as an Indo-Iranian language. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Calvin Allen, in his 1978 diss. on "Sayyids, shets and sultans", tells us 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;(p. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;123) that the Luwatiyah speak Khojki, a mixture of Kutchi and Sindi. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;I did not find Khojki on http://www.sil.org/ethnologue (maybe a different 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;spelling?) , but http://global.globale.net/~heritage/granths/script.html 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;describes Khojki as a script. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Who can tell us more about the Luti language? Or about Khojki? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Joachim 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 4 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: "Craig Wallace" <CRAIGWAL@IHUG.COM.AU>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: "Craig Wallace" <CRAIGWAL@IHUG.COM.AU>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: <OMAN-L@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 18:36:06 +1000 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;charset="Windows-1252" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Oman-l] Minawi in Gulf states 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;This brings me to ask whether the above community is found in Oman as it is 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;in Bahrain and elsewhere in the Gulf states? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;And can anyone give me info on their language and cultural links. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;They are Iranians who believe they come from an area in the SW of Iran and 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;they say they speak a language (iranian dialect???) called Minawi or some 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;such. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Anyone able to tell me more detail? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Thanks 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; Craig 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;----- Original Message ----- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: Joachim Duester <JDUESTER@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: <OMAN-L@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Sent: Friday, July 20, 2001 4:21 AM 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Oman-l] More on languages: Luwati 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Someone asked me to supply proverbs in several languages spoken in Oman, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; including "Luwati". Well, I do kow a bit about the Luwatiyah, i.e. the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Khojah (or Luti) community in Oman, and everybody on the list probably has 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; heard of the "Sur Luwatiyah", a walled quarter within Muttrah. But what 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; language exactly do the Luwatiyah speak? I had not heard of a language 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; called "Luwati" so far (my Luti friends spoke Arabic and English), but I 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; found a reference to Luwati as a language in 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Oman.html#LUV , 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; which classifies Luwati as an Indo-Iranian language. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Calvin Allen, in his 1978 diss. on "Sayyids, shets and sultans", tells us 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; (p. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 123) that the Luwatiyah speak Khojki, a mixture of Kutchi and Sindi. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; I did not find Khojki on http://www.sil.org/ethnologue (maybe a different 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; spelling?) , but http://global.globale.net/~heritage/granths/script.html 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; describes Khojki as a script. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Who can tell us more about the Luti language? Or about Khojki? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Joachim 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; _______________________________________________ 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Oman-l mailing list 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; http://oman.org/mailman/listinfo/oman-l 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 5 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: "Gilman, Amanda" <AGILMAN@ABACEELI.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: "'oman-l@oman.org'" <OMAN-L@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 16:56:11 -0400 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;charset="iso-8859-1" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Oman-l] Gender Issues Studies in Oman 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Dear Group, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;I am doing research on gender issues and equality laws in Oman. However, I 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;have been unable to find current studies and/or reports on this these 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;issues. Does anyone have any ideas of where I could this type of 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;information? I would also like to be able to interview gender law experts 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;who have worked in Oman, if possible. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Your thoughts are very much appreciated! 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Many thanks! 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Amanda Gilman 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 6 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2001 16:29:25 -0500 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: Calvin Allen <CHALLEN@MEMPHIS.EDU>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: Re: [Oman-l] More on languages: Luwati 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Fellow Omanophiles, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;One hopes that one of our Luwati friends on the list will respond to this as 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;they will obviously know the answer. My information (cited by Joachim) came 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;during interviews in Mutrah during 1976-77 with a folks like Ali Sultan, Amin 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Malallah, and a few other members of the community. I suspect that my sources 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;just used the name of the script for the language that they spoke. I also 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;suspect that Khojki (probably more properly Khwajki) is derived from Khwajah 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;(Khojah), one of the names used to describe the members of the community, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;particularly up until the 1860s when most were followers of the Agha Khan. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;There is also some debate on the origins of the name Luwatiyah (sing. Luti). 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;I proposed an origin in an article that I wrote many years ago linking the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;community to the Panch Lotiyah nookh of the Bhattias from Sindh and Kutch. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;That was wrong ( the arrogance, supreme confidence, and creativity of the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;young scholar at work!). The term was used in Iran in the 18th-19th century 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;to describe groups of people similar to gypsies in Europe, although I've never 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;seen anything about that group speaking Romani. The Luwati explanation (see 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Muhammad Taqi Hasan al-Umani, Dalil al-Sa'il) is that the community was 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;originally Banu Zayd Al-Lat of the Banu Kalb b. Wabra, one of whose leaders 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;accompanied Muhammad b. Qasim on the conquest of Sind. Another local legend 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;claimed that the Luwati where Bani Lu'ay, who were expelled from Oman many 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;centuries ago and went to Sind before returning to Oman. In any event, God 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;knows, and at this point it really is academic as the community is Omani and 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;has been for several hundred years. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Cal Allen 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Joachim Duester wrote: 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Someone asked me to supply proverbs in several languages spoken in Oman, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; including "Luwati". Well, I do kow a bit about the Luwatiyah, i.e. the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Khojah (or Luti) community in Oman, and everybody on the list probably has 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; heard of the "Sur Luwatiyah", a walled quarter within Muttrah. But what 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; language exactly do the Luwatiyah speak? I had not heard of a language 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; called "Luwati" so far (my Luti friends spoke Arabic and English), but I 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; found a reference to Luwati as a language in 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/countries/Oman.html#LUV , 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; which classifies Luwati as an Indo-Iranian language. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Calvin Allen, in his 1978 diss. on "Sayyids, shets and sultans", tells us 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; (p. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 123) that the Luwatiyah speak Khojki, a mixture of Kutchi and Sindi. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; I did not find Khojki on http://www.sil.org/ethnologue (maybe a different 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; spelling?) , but http://global.globale.net/~heritage/granths/script.html 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; describes Khojki as a script. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Who can tell us more about the Luti language? Or about Khojki? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Joachim 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; _______________________________________________ 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Oman-l mailing list 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; http://oman.org/mailman/listinfo/oman-l 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Message: 7 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Tommy_Erik_B=E4ck?= <LAAIQ@BLUEWIN.CH>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: <OMAN-L@OMAN.ORG>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: RE: [Oman-l] Re: Oman 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2001 02:55:05 +0200 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;charset="iso-8859-1" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Reply-To: oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Hi Brian, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Interesting how many x-Omanis are hiding on this list. Of course it should 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;all be in English, I just wanted to get the attention of the listowner that 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;mega-letters were written here in other languages, but he is probably on 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;vacation. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;I'm doing as fine as one can do here in www.scuol.ch with Oman so far away, 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;longing for the dunes and the beaches. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Tommy 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;--__--__-- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;_______________________________________________ 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Oman-l mailing list 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Oman-l@oman.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://oman.org/mailman/listinfo/oman-l 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;End of Oman-l Digest 
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